- Table of Contents
Sweden is situated in the northern part of Europe and is bordered to the west by Norway, to the northeast by Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. Sweden has a total surface of 450,295 square kilometers (173,860 sq mi) and is inhabited by approximately 9.4 million people (est. census 2011). Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometer (54 per sq mi). Sweden is a highly developed economy with an estimated nominal GDP per capita of $47,934 in 2010. [1] Sweden does not have any reserves of natural gas and its estimated 2010 consumption of natural gas yielded 1,673 mcm, all of which was imported from Denmark. [2]
| Basic Gas Facts | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gas reserves (bcm) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Gas production (mcm) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Gas consumption (mcm) | 830 | 921 | 892 | 1240 | 1673 |
| Gas imports (mcm) | 976 | 1007 | 914 | 1219 | 1673 |
| imports pipeline (mcm) | 976 | 1007 | 914 | 1219 | 1673 |
| imports LNG (mcm) | - | - | - | - | - |
| import dependency (%)* | 117.59% | 109.34% | 102.47% | 98.31% | 100% |
| Gas exports (mcm) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Natural gas supply per capita (toe) | 0.097 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.118 | 0.161 |
| Technically recoverable shale gas resources (bcm) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Coal Bed Methane reserves (bcm)** | - | - | - | - | - |
| c = confidential; - = nill; ..= not available * Imports dependency of natural gas = (imports - exports) / consumption **Proven & Probable (2P); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Coalbed Methane Outreach Program Sources: IEA Natural Gas Information 2011, Global Methane Initiative | |||||
| Basic Energy Facts | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Energy Consumption (mtoe) | 50.2 | 50.42 | 49.6 | 45.41 | 50.78 |
| CO2 Emissions, energy-related (Mt) | .. | 46.2 | 45.87 | 41.71 | .. |
| CO2 intensity, energy-related (tCO2/toe) | .. | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.92 | .. |
| Energy consumption per capita (toe/cap) | 6.17 | 6.26 | 6.18 | .. | .. |
| CO2 per capita, energy-related (tCO2/cap) | .. | 5.05 | 4.96 | 4.48 | .. |
| c = confidential; - = nill; ..= not available Sources: IEA Natural Gas Information 2011 & EIA International Energy Statistics | |||||
This section explores total primary energy consumption, gas demand by sector and gas prices for Sweden.
In 2010, Sweden’s estimated TPES amounted to 50.78 mtoe, a 11.8% increase compared to 2009. Oil accounted for 14.29 mtoe while coal and gas accounted for 2.51 mtoe and 1.51 mtoe respectively. Other sectors accounted for 32.47 mtoe, from which nuclear and hydro are the most important sources of energy. [1]
In 2010 Sweden consumed a total of 1673 mcm of natural gas; a sharp increase of nearly 35 percent compared to 2009. Also from 2008 to 2009, Sweden’s natural gas consumption increased sharply with almost 40% (from 892 mcm in 2008 to 1240 mcm in 2009). Of total consumption in 2009, 609 mcm was used for transformation and 449 mcm for the industry while 157 mcm was consumed by other sectors.[1] Transformation includes the generation of electricity, while the demand from the ‘Energy Sector’ refers to gas used for the extraction of coal, oil, and gas and gas used in refineries, coke ovens and gas works.
This section deals with gas reserves and gas imports.
| By country of origin (in mcm) | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | %Total 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark | 976 | 1007 | 913 | 1219 | 1673 | 100% |
| Total | 976 | 1007 | 913 | 1219 | 1673 | 100% |
| %Total Consumption | 117.59% | 109.34% | 102.35% | 98.31% | 100% | - |
| c = confidential; - = nill; ..= not available Source: Natural gas information 2011 & OECD/IEA, 2011 | ||||||
| By transport type (in mcm) | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | %Total 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pipeline imports | 976 | 1007 | 913 | 1230 | 1673 | 100% |
| LNG imports | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | 976 | 1007 | 913 | 1230 | 1673 | 100% |
| c = confidential; - = nill; ..= not available Source: Natural gas information 2011 & OECD/IEA, 2011 | ||||||
Sweden is completely dependent on natural gas imports from Denmark. All of Sweden’s gas imports are transported by pipeline, although one small LNG facility currently exists and one has been proposed. [2]
This section deals with the gas grid, LNG terminals and storage facilities.
Pipeline Sweden’s pipeline infrastructure is owned and partly operated by Swedegas (E.ON Ruhrgas, 30%; Statoil, 30%, Fortum, 20%, DONG, 20%) including distribution transmission pipelines totals 620 km. Swedegas ownes the transmission system (80 bar), while E.ON Gas Sverige owns the branches of the network. Sweden does not transit any gas. [1], [2]
Since 2011, one LNG terminal is operational at the moment and one is proposed. [1]
| Site | Storage | - | Send-out | - | - | Owner | Operator | Start-up | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Tanks | Storage cap* | Vaporizers | Max hourly cap** | Nom.cap*** | - | - | - | - |
| Brunnsviksholmen | .. | 30 | .. | .. | .. | Fortum, Nynas, AGA | .. | 2011 | E |
| Göteborg | 1 | 10 | .. | .. | .. | Göteborg Energi | .. | 2013 | P |
| c = confidential; - = nill; ..= not available E = existing; U = under construction; P = proposed * LNG storage capacity in m3 x1000 in LNG. **max. hourly capacity in m3(N)x1000/hour. ***nominal annual capacity in bm3(N)/y. Source: Gas Infrastructure Europe: LNG 2011 | |||||||||
Sweden has a storage agreement with Denmark. Apart from that agreement, E.ON owns a small storage facility with a storage capacity of 10 mcm of natural gas. Currently no further storage facilities are planned for construction. [1]
| Nr. | Facility name | Operator | Storage Capacity (mcm) | Withdraw | Injection (mcm/day) | TPA | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | - | - | (mcm/day) | - | - | - |
| 1 | Skallen | E-on | 10 | 0.6 | 0.49 | R | other |
| - | Total | - | 10 | - | - | - | - |
| TPA: Regulated ( R) - Negotiated (N) - Hybrid (H) - Not Applicable (X) *will be reduced to 398 in the future Source: GSE Storage Map - Gas Infrastructure Europe | |||||||
- 1. Natural Gas Information © OECD/IEA, 2011
- 2. Gas Infrastructure Europe: GSE Storage Map August 2011
This section deals with the gas market regulation in upstream, the transmission grid and downstream.
Sweden does not have any domestic production of natural gas and relies on imports, which come from Denmark. Swedegas is the owner of the transmission system whereas E.on Gas Sverige owns the branches. [1]
The Energy Markets Inspectorate annually reviews the reasonableness of the network tariffs charged in relation to the performance of the network companies. The investigation in 2006 indicated that companies overcharged the customers by 4.6% on average in 2005, equivalent to approximately SEK 924 million. The Energy Markets Inspectorate also reviews conditions and fees for new connections to the electricity network. [1]
There are six distribution system operators active in Sweden: E.on Gas Sverige, Göteborg Energi, Öresundskraft, Lunds Energi, Ängelholms Energi and Varberg Energi. The market for natural gas has been gradually opened up for competition. Since July 1st 2007, all customers are eligible to choose their gas supplier. [1]
Suggest reference
Comments
add comment